Scrub typhus, a mite-borne infectious disease, has been increasingly reported in several regions across India, raising public health concerns. The illness is caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, a bacteria transmitted through the bite of infected chigger mites commonly found in grassy fields, farmlands, and scrub vegetation. Although the disease begins with mild symptoms resembling common viral fevers, delays in diagnosis and treatment can lead to severe complications.
Across affected states, health departments have noted a steady rise in cases, particularly between August and February. This period provides favorable conditions for mites to thrive due to increased moisture and vegetation. Agricultural workers, cattle-rearers, and children who frequently play outdoors are at a higher risk of exposure. In several districts, clusters of cases have been reported, stressing the importance of early detection and timely medical care.
Scrub typhus typically presents with persistent fever, body aches, rashes, fatigue, and a characteristic black eschar mark at the site of the mite bite. Because the symptoms often resemble malaria, dengue, and typhoid, misdiagnosis is common. When untreated, the infection can progress to severe complications, including organ failure, respiratory distress, and neurological issues. Mortality rates can rise to 6–30 percent in delayed treatment cases, but early administration of appropriate antibiotics keeps fatality below 2 percent.
Public health experts emphasize simple preventive measures to reduce the spread of scrub typhus. Wearing protective clothing, maintaining cleanliness around homes, clearing vegetation, and avoiding exposure to thick grass areas are effective safeguards. People experiencing continuous fever or spotting unusual marks on the skin are advised to seek medical testing immediately. With timely diagnosis, proper treatment, and community awareness, scrub typhus can be effectively controlled and managed.